Explanatory Research for Bipolar disorders prediction and implications

 It was previously believed that personality traits were fixed in a person, but there is now evidence to show that they can be altered when undergoing coaching or therapy. Personality assessments can help make treatment more customized for people with bipolar disorder by determining those who are likely to have difficulty in everyday functioning or recurrent depression. Upon studying data of over 1,000 people, scientists found combinations of personality types that enhance or reduce long-term mental health issues. High neuroticism was often seen to be a risk factor, while low neuroticism and other well-balanced personality characteristics were shown to be protective in nature.

The idea that personality is unchanging is challenged by these results, which suggest that traits may be modifiable via coaching or therapy. Key Points: Predictive Styles: Some personality types predict depression. Modifiable Traits: Therapy can increase traits that were previously believed to be set.

1. Personality Qualities : Based on studies, people with certain patterns of personality traits are more or less likely to have repeated depressive episodes or difficulty with everyday functioning.

Based on data from two longitudinal studies of more than 1,200 participants with bipolar disorder, the researchers assert that certain personality styles—sets of personality traits—have been found to be predictors of the course of bipolar illness. Rather than an emphasis on characteristics that vary among individuals, these personality types focus on characteristics that are within individuals. Because of this, they are very tailored. It was especially important how defensive personality types contrasted with risk-increasing personality types.

2. Personality examination : that are employed in psychological settings are also used in this study. "These results are really exciting because we don't understand why some bipolar patients are more resilient and recover or have fewer depression episodes, but now we can observe that this could be due to the composition of their personality," she stated. "Hopefully, this can finally inform the treatment planning that clinicians are conducting in patients, having a sense of who may be at higher risk." In order to better understand their experiences and work with their clinicians to change factors that would increase their lifelong risk of depression and poor life management, patients could even take action based on the results of their personality tests.

 Personality traits were previously thought to be stable traits for each person, but it now appears that traits can shift during therapy or coaching.

For example, an individual who has a lower "openness" personality dimension—such as, when in the normal or average range, termed buffering—could be helped therapeutically by being subjected to novel experiences in the arts or nature. Information from the longitudinal study of the Prechter program, which has been monitoring hundreds of people with bipolar disorder for more than a decade, provided the basis for further studies undertaken by Ryan and her team. Bipolar disorder patients who filled out the Revised NEO formed the basis of the new research.

3. Personalized Care: Treatment planning for bipolar disorder can be individualized based on personality testing. University of Michigan "Personalized" treatments for each patient based on testing are now the standard for patients with cancer, heart disease, and other conditions. Mental illness treatment has not yet reached that point. Results of thorough personality tests can now be utilized to customize treatment for people with bipolar disorder, according to new research.

4. Personality Inventory: Along with the completion of short questionnaires for follow-up clinical assessments on how depressed they are and how well they function in life every two months and/or every two years, the NEO PI-R is a 240-question personality assessment. As is typical with the NEO-PI-R, the researchers utilized test results to place each individual into their own personality type according to scores for various sets of characteristics. They then compared the number of major depression episodes and life functioning levels over time per person.

The interaction between personality styles, and the balance of protective vs. risk-increasing ones, that appears to matter most and can potentially be used clinically to help those with bipolar have less depressive episodes and higher life functioning.  

5. Personality style : Mixtures of risk-related (personality styles associated with adverse outcomes) and protective-related (personality styles associated with favorable outcomes) demonstrated that the rate of incidence of depression and impaired life functioning increased by 10.8–14.0 percent and 10.1%, respectively, per additional risk compared to protective style number. Although the rates of incidence were a little lower (5% and 2.9%), the independent STEP-BD data set also demonstrated a parallel pattern of high-risk types being associated with substantial increases in depression and functioning. Cross-validation performance between the two groups yielded parallel predictive trends (5–10.2% increases).

The ability to predict future depression and poor functioning from the combined effects of personality traits can be clinically useful for identifying individuals at risk for poorer outcomes.

6. Predictive evidence : For the impact of personality styles on depression and functioning in two bipolar disorder cohorts. Prognostic evidence of the effect of personality styles on depression and function in two cohorts of bipolar disorder

Course of illness predictors in bipolar disorder (BD) that are replicable are not easily identified. Predictors of BD outcomes that could inform practice include personality traits, Neuroticism in particular. Models do not generally consider combined action of more than a single personality trait. We examine whether sets of personality traits (styles) enhance our prospective prediction of symptoms and functioning over time in two independent longitudinal research samples. In a 287 sample and replication sample of 2072 BD individuals, we assessed the influence of personality styles with the NEO PI-R and NEO-FFI on depression and functioning over 14 years. From a model controlling for all ten possible.

Conclusion: Bipolar disorder is a chronic mental illness where there are periods of great mood swings, ranging from emotional highs (hypomania or mania) to lows (depression).Structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been used by studies to locate brain characteristics that present BD risk. For example, a multicenter study learned machine learning algorithms to predict individuals at risk for BD based on cortical thickness. The model obtained a balanced accuracy of 63.1% in cross-validation, and that structural brain changes can be used as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis.